Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Department of Sociology، Language and Humanities College، Sulaymaniyah University، Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Abstract
This paper is a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of political alienation in the sociological literature. It also tries to introduce the concept of political alienation and its manifestations in society, and presents scholars' interpretation of the concept of alienation in general and the political dimension of their understanding of the phenomenon of alienation. In this study, different historical periods of perceptions and different social types of societies are considered, so that the direction of perceptions is not presented only in a particular context. But the interpretations and insights of sociologists go much further. However, the scholars included in this study are of interest to many sociological researchers for their thoroughness and accuracy.
In this paper, with the introduction, the general framework of the study and the method (analysis) are used, with the study divided into three main discussions, and finally reached the most important conclusions: For Vieber, disability is a universal condition, the individual feels vulnerable to the state, indicating submission, deprivation of freedom and loss of individual hegemony in the new society. According to Dorkaim, human isolation is much more common in modern societies than in traditional ones. From Marx’s understanding capitalism and socialism are forms of advanced industrial society whose consequences are alienation. For Melz, alienation is a flaw in the fit between what actually happens and what ought to happen under the circumstances. For Bourdieu, symbolic capital was the main cause of alienation
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