Document Type : Original Article
Author
Faculty of Education, Garmian University, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Abstract
The entire era of Bani Umayyah was a time of extended conquests, and the borders of the kingdom expanded in the east, north and west.
- Sovereignty in the soldiers belonged to the Arab element because the state was purely Arab and was not contested by an intruder, and many individuals excelled in leading the armies and were famous for their steadfastness, determination and good measure in war. Among those great princes: Abdullah bin Saad bin Abi Sarh, Uqba bin Nafeh, Al-Muhallab bin Abi Safar Al-Azdi and his son Yazid, Qutaiba bin Muslim Al-Bahili, Asad bin Abdullah Al-Qasari, Muhammad bin Qasim Al-Thaqafi and Musa bin Nusair, so the state appeared in the appearance of great power and authority; however, it indulged in extravagance at the end of its period.
-The period of Bani Umayyah, through our investigation of the book, is an example of distortion and lies that befell the history of Muslims, and we are still in dire need of criticism and revision in our Islamic heritage.
- The state of Bani Umayyah is the state of the Companions, their followers and their children, and it is the greatest era in history after the era of the Prophet (PBUH) and the Rightly Guided Caliphs.
-There are many reasons for the fall of the Umayyad dynasty; we mention the most important of them: counter-revolutions against the reformist movements carried out by Omar bin Abdul Aziz, may Allah have mercy on him, extravagance, injustice and indulgence in lusts, the regime of the mandate of the covenant and the failure to work with the option of shura, fanaticism and loyalists, and counter-revolutions against the Umayyad state and struggle and internal conflicts inside the ruling family.
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