Research in political and social theories is of great importance for understanding the concepts and perceptions on which they were founded, and for understanding and explaining the phenomena and transformations that emerged from them. Among the theories that were put forward at the end of the twentieth century is the theory of the clash of civilizations, which received different reactions at the world level, because it arose on the idea of conflict. Rooted in the Western cultural heritage, and developed through several generations, and whose motives and drives are not without the tendency of domination, superiority and colonialism inherent in the Western historical heritage, Therefore, many Muslim thinkers and others considered that this theory is a challenge to global peace and security, because it imposes a hostile pattern in the nature of relations between different countries and nations, culturally, religiously and ethnically, and because it contradicts Islamic and human thought that calls for peace and coexistence among nations, dialogue between religions and sects, and interaction between different civilizations.