Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of English, Faculty of Education, Koya University

2 Language Center, Salahaddin University

Abstract

This study has aimed at identifying and analysing writing errors of Kurdish EFL undergraduate students from two Departments of English at Koya University, Salahaddin University and two English Language Centres of the same universities in Kurdistan Region of Iraq (henceforth, KRI). The study also seeks to determine the types and frequency of each type of students’ errors in writing. Therefore, 80 students’ writing samples were collected randomly. The results were analysed using a combination of statistical and descriptive approaches. The results of the study showed that errors made by the Kurdish EFL students are mostly grammatical, lexical, punctuation and spelling errors respectively. The errors might be due to the students’ lack of experience, knowledge, and ignorance of English writing skills. Hence, the study suggested using two essential approaches to eliminate writing errors made by Kurdish EFL students. That is, proper teaching methods should be used to teach EFL students; also corrective feedback should be given mainly because both approaches are important and work together for the benefit of the students’ writing skills.

Keywords

Abdullah, K. N. (2020). Kurdish Students’ Writing Problems on the Mechanics of English as a Foreign Language. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 7(2), 698-712.
Al-Buainian, H. (2009). Students' writing errors in ESL: A case study. Department of English and Modern European Languages. The Journal of Education Department, 19(1), 1-37.
Al-Saudi, J. (2013). Error analysis and spelling mistakes of EFL learners at Tafila Technical University: A case study. Frontiers of Language and Teaching, 4, 99- 107.
Bandpay, A. B. (2012). A survey on the impact of L1 grammar negative transfer on L2 writing skill in Iranian EFL sudents in Rudsar city. The Iranian EFL Journal, 8(6), 204-226.
Başöz, T. & Aydın, S. (2011). An Analysis of the Grammatical Mistakes made by Advanced EFL Writers. E-Journal of New World Sciences Academy Humanities, 6(2), 296-306.
Beuningen, C. V. (2010). Corrective feedback in L2 writing: Theoretical perspectives, empirical insights, and future directions. International Journal of English Studies, 10(2), 1- 27.
Brown, D. (2000). Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, 4th ed. New York: Longman.
Corder, S. P. (1978).Error analysis interlanguage and second Language acquisition. Language Teaching & Linguistics: Surveys, 6(4), 63-300.
Chandler, J. (2003). The efficiency of various kinds of error feedback for improvement in the accuracy and fluency of student writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 12(3), 83-90.
Corder, S. P. (1967). The Significance of Learners' Errors. International Review of Applied linguistics,5(4), 5-13.
……..….......... (1973) Introducing Applied Linguistics. Harmondsworh: Penguin Books.
Crystal, D. (2008). A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. (6th ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Ellis, R. (2008). The study of second language acquisition. (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Etherton, A. R. B. (1977). Error analysis: Problems and procedures. English Language Teaching Journal, 32(1), 67-78.
Falk, J. S. (1978). Linguistics and Language. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Fatah, M. M., Al Bajalani, F. R. H. & Majeed, S. H. (2009). Error Analysis of Kurdish Learners of English at the University Level and their Pedagogical Implications. Zanco Journal for Human  Sciences, 42, 25-40.
Harmer, J. (2007). The practice of English language teaching. Harlow. England: Pearson Education.
Hartmann, R. R. K. & Stork, F. C. (1972). Dictionary of Language and Linguistics. London: Applied Science Publishers.
Javid, Ch. Z. & Umer, M. (2014). Saudi EFL Learners’ Writing Problems: A Move Toward Solution. Proceeding of the Global Summit on Education GSE 2014 (E- ISBN 978-967-11768 5-6) 4-5, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Organized by WorldConferences.net, 164-180.
Jung, Mi-Young (2013). Types of errors in college students’ L2 writing in EFL environments. Journal of Pan Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, 17(2), 123-140.
Köroğlu Z., Ç. (2014). An Analysis on Grammatical Errors of Turkish EFL Students’ Written Texts. Turkish Studies-International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turks, 9(12),101-111.
Lado, R. (1957). Linguistics across Culture. The University of Michigan Press.
Mahmood, D. K. (2016). An Evaluation of Writing Skills of EFL Learners in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. International Journal of Language and Linguistics. 4(1), 14-24. doi:10.11648/j.ijll.20160401.13
Nafea’Ayoub, H. (2006). The analysis of errors made by Iraqi students in writing. Journal of the College of Languages (JCL) Mağallaẗ kulliyyaẗ al-luġāt, (15), 1-16.
Nunan, D. (2001). Second Language Acquisition. In R. Carter & D. Nunan (Eds.), The Cambridge Guide to Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (pp. 87-92), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667206.013
Pouladian, N., Bagheri, M. S. & Sadighi, F. (2017). An Analysis of Errors in Writing Skill of Adult Iranian EFL Learners Preparing for the IELTS. International Journal of English Linguistics, 7(3), 85-96. doi:10.5539/ijel.v7n3p85
Quibol-Catabay, M. (2016). Error analysis on students’ writing. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 5(1), 131-148.
Sun, X. & Sun, X. (2014). Ungrammatical Patterns in Chinese EFL Learners’ Free Writing. English Language Teaching, 7(3), 167-183. doi:10.5539/elt.v7n3p176
Thornbury, S. (2006). An A-Z of ELT. Oxford: Macmillan.