جۆری توێژینه‌وه‌ : Original Article

نوسه‌ران

1 Department of English, College of Languages and Human Sciences, University of Garmain

2 Invitation and Intimidation Through the Use of Speech Acts in Selected English and Arabic Religious Sermons

پوخته‌

Religious sermons are used to influence the audience to familiarize, reinforce and modify certain beliefs and redirect people to do good deeds. Religious discourse exhibits many features that make it an interesting area for linguists to study and dig deep through its characteristics.
In addition, religious men try to use special words to invite people to or intimidate people from doing things that are forbidden by religion principles. Clergymen believe that they have the authority to teach people according to their understanding of the subject and this might be a double-edged sword.
The present contrastive study aims at finding out the functions of invitation and intimidation expressions and how they are identified and presented by using speech acts in both English and Arabic religious discourse at pragmatic level. 
The data were selected randomly from authentic websites, one English and one Arabic religious speech. Synthesizing a model which is based on what is presented by Searle (1979). The sermons are brought under contrastive analysis to show the differences and similarities between them in a pragmatic perspective.




The study proves that Arabic sermons tend to use more devices and they are more exaggerated than English sermons. Generally speaking, Arabic preachers used more intimidation expressions than English preachers and their speech tends to be stronger due to society and culture. It also can be concluded that Arabic preachers used speech acts more than English preachers.   They used speech acts in invitations more than intimidations in both English and Arabic speeches. 

وشه‌ بنچینه‌ییه‌كان

ناونیشانی توێژینه‌وه‌ [English]

Invitation and Intimidation Through the Use of Speech Acts in Selected English and Arabic Religious Sermons

نوسه‌ران [English]

  • Younis Bany Weis 1
  • Zainab Majeed 2

1 Department of English, College of Languages and Human Sciences, University of Garmain

2 Invitation and Intimidation Through the Use of Speech Acts in Selected English and Arabic Religious Sermons

پوخته‌ [English]

Religious sermons are used to influence the audience to familiarize, reinforce and modify certain beliefs and redirect people to do good deeds. Religious discourse exhibits many features that make it an interesting area for linguists to study and dig deep through its characteristics.
In addition, religious men try to use special words to invite people to or intimidate people from doing things that are forbidden by religion principles. Clergymen believe that they have the authority to teach people according to their understanding of the subject and this might be a double-edged sword.
The present contrastive study aims at finding out the functions of invitation and intimidation expressions and how they are identified and presented by using speech acts in both English and Arabic religious discourse at pragmatic level. 
The data were selected randomly from authentic websites, one English and one Arabic religious speech. Synthesizing a model which is based on what is presented by Searle (1979). The sermons are brought under contrastive analysis to show the differences and similarities between them in a pragmatic perspective.




The study proves that Arabic sermons tend to use more devices and they are more exaggerated than English sermons. Generally speaking, Arabic preachers used more intimidation expressions than English preachers and their speech tends to be stronger due to society and culture. It also can be concluded that Arabic preachers used speech acts more than English preachers.   They used speech acts in invitations more than intimidations in both English and Arabic speeches. 

وشه‌ بنچینه‌ییه‌كان [English]

  • invitation
  • intimidation
  • clergymen
  • religious speech
  • Crystal, D., Davy, D. (1969) Investigating English Style. London: Longman
  • Crystal, D. (1965). Linguistics, Language and Religion. London: Burns & Oates.
  • ________ (1970): “Non-segmental phonology and sociolinguistic distinctiveness: an illustration from religious language”, in: The English Tone of Voice: Essays in Intonation, Prosody and Paralanguage.  London: E. Arnold
  • ________ (1987). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Cambridge University Press.
  • Davis, Ozora S. (1924). Principles of Preaching. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Donovan, P. (1976). Language religious. Sheldon Press, Marylbone Road, London.
  • D’Souza, E. (1964) "The Missionary Task of the Church". In H. Küng and D. O'Hanlon (eds.), Council Speeches of Vatican II. New Jersey: The Paulist Press, 279 – 83.
  • Etter, J. W. (1988). The Preacher and His Sermon:

 

  • A Treatise of Homiletics. Ohio, US: W. J. Shuey.
  • Holt, Ron (2006). "A Socio-Linguistic Approach to Religious Language". Australian ejournal of Theology, 6 February
  • Keane, Webb (1997). "Religious Language". Annual Review of Anthology, vol. 26.
  • Khutba (2012). An Online Article. http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/khutba, available at 2012-11-2.
  • Lebreton, J. and Zeiller, J. (1944) The History of the Primitive Church. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  • Muessig, Carolyn (2002). "Sermon, Preacher and Society in the Middle Ages", Journal of Medieval History

 

  • , 28, pp. 73-91.

 

  • Thompson, G. (2004). Introducing functional grammar. New York: Oxford university press.
  • Qutbuddin, Tahera (2008). "Khutba: The Evolution of Early Arabic Oration", In Classical Arabic Humanities in Their Own Terms: Fetschrift for Wolfhart Heinrichs, ed. Beatrice Gruendler and Michael Cooperation, Brill. pp. 176-273.
  •  

-الالباني, محمد ناصر الدين (2000) صحيح الترغيب والترهيب. الطبعة الاولى. المملكة العربية السعودية: مكتبة المعارف.

-درويش، محمد طاهر (1968) الخطابة في صدر الاسلام، الجزء الاول: العصر الديني، عصر البعثة الاسلامية. القاهرة: دار المعارف.

شلبي ، عبد الجليل (1981) . الخطابة واعداد الخطيب . القاهرة: دار الشروق-