Journal of Garmian University

Original Article

Geographical Analysis of the Population Growth of Koya City between (1957-2020)

Arsaln Rostam Haje; peshraw tofiq

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 1-15

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.163856

Abstract

Population growth is an important topic in population studies because society is constantly changing due to population growth and decline. Koya is the center of Koya district, one of ... Read More

Original Article

the linguistic components of the stories published in (karwan) magazine from (1982-1990) and for each year a story has been studied as a sample

Ibraheem Abdurahamn Mahmoud; Akram Abas

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 16-21

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.165557

Abstract

Language is considered one of the essential factors of the poetic text which that the poet can not disregard while writing a literary text. Thus, the poet always cares about the style ... Read More

Original Article

Evaluating the questions of the history subject test for the twelfth grade of literary because of the light of the bloom taxonomy and from the perspective of the subject's teachers

Saman H.ahmed; Zana Othman Muhammed; Hezha A.Hamad

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 22-37

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.165559

Abstract

Evaluating the questions of the history subject test for the twelfth grade of literary because of the light of the bloom taxonomy and from the perspective of the subject's teachers ... Read More Evaluating the questions of the history subject test for the twelfth grade of literary because of the light of the bloom taxonomy and from the perspective of the subject's teachers To make sure that our questions are appropriate, that they are compatible with changes, developments, and the level of students, and that they achieve our educational goals, they should be put under the evaluation process to determine their strong and weak points, as well as to identify weak points for the purpose of correct, as well as points that are stronger to develop, it means a step towards correcting, development, and appropriateness of these questions. The importance of this research provides that so far such assessments have not been carried out in the Kurdistan Region at a time when the Ministry of Education is continuing its efforts to raise the level of science and scientific generation with the same goals as the developed and modern needs and new developments in this field. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and explain the questions of the 12th-grade history subject syllabus for the study year (2020-2021) according to the special table and the bloom taxonomy, Also, to evaluate the questionnaire of history's subject scanning for 12 literary branches from the perspective of teachers is subjective, based on gender change (male and female) and years of experiences and expertise, To achieve these goals, the researcher used a method of description, and the research tool is to answer questions based on the level of bloom taxonomy and prepare a scale for the questionnaire for the school year (2020-2021) it was contained (44) items after being sure of the validity and reliability of the items applied to the study's example, which included an example of the research in the testing questionnaire that included 50 questions, also the participants were (131) history teacher in Suleimani province, the researcher used (spss) programs for data, as well as finally presenting results and some suggestions under the light of the research

Original Article

The language of Prison Poetry

Omed Raheem; Ataa Ali Ameen

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 38-49

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.165677

Abstract

(Prison Poetry in South Kurdistan,middle kermanj (1920-1970), which is an attempt to shed light on prison poetry in general and the poetic language of those poetic texts written in ... Read More

Original Article

The authority of the ordinary legislature in regulating public rights and freedoms (A study within the framework of the draft constitution of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq)

Zanyar Kareem; Pshtiwan Faraj

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 50-62

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.165678

Abstract

Public rights and freedom are one of the most important pillars on which constitutional theory is built, but the arrangement of this subject is quite impossible constitutionally. Thus, ... Read More

Original Article

دابەشبوونی ژینگەیی دانیشتوانی قەزای چەمچەماڵ

Chrakhan Salih; Jaza T.talib

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 63-79

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.165681

Abstract

-- Read More

Original Article

Neurolinguistic

dara hameed

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 80-90

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166188

Abstract

The internal representation of linguistic knowledges of all language fields exists in brain nerves. Neurolinguistics is one of the most recent of linguistic fields, which clarifies ... Read More

Original Article

Political rights in contemporary democratic constitutions (An analytical and comparative study on the draft constitution of the Kurdistan Region / Iraq)

Ayub Muhammed

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 91-105

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166194

Abstract

If The Recognition Of Rights And Public Freedoms, And Their Entrenchment In Constitutions, By Most Countries Of The World, Is One Of The Natural Things, ... Read More If The Recognition Of Rights And Public Freedoms, And Their Entrenchment In Constitutions, By Most Countries Of The World, Is One Of The Natural Things, The Recognition Of Political Rights Within Such Constitutions Is Another Issue, Especially Since The Nature And Exercise Of Such Rights Have Political Repercussions, And Also Have A Political Impact On The Nature Of The Political System. How Political Rights Are Formulated And Crystallized In Constitutions Change According To The Nature Of Political Systems And The Extent Of Their Commitment To Democratic Principles. This Means That The More These Rights Exist In The Constitution, The More It Is An Expression Of The Existence Of Democracy And The Maintenance Of Rights And Freedoms. Accordingly, This Study, Entitled (Political Rights In Contemporary Democratic Constitutions- An Analytical and Comparative Study in the Draft Constitution of Kurdistan Region / Iraq), Is An Attempt To Address The Theoretical Aspect Of Political Rights And Their Nature On The One Hand, And To Address These Rights In The Light Of International Or Regional Treaties And Organizations On The Other. Moreover, The Article Seeks To Analyze The Nature Of The Articles On The Issue Of Political Rights In The Draft Constitution Of The Kurdistan Region - Iraq (2009), Stating The Most Important Positive And Negative Dimensions, Based On Its Comparison With The 2005-Constitution Of Iraq And A Few Contemporary Democratic Constitutions Such As Switzerland, Germany And Canada, And South Korea. Finally, The Article Also Aims To Present Some Observations And Recommendations About The Draft Constitution Of Kurdistan Region To Be Considered By The Committee That Will Draft A New Constitution For The Region Or Review This Draft. The Study Concluded With Affirming The Existence Of A Group Of Important Positive Aspects Of Political Rights. Yet, These Rights Need To Be Developed And Reformulated To Reach The Level Of Contemporary Democratic Constitutions

Original Article

Aziz Aqrawi

Karwan Mohammad

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 106-124

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166202

Abstract

This research entitled (Biography and political and military role of Aziz Aqrawi 1924-1980.) comprises three main parts and each part is decided into several sections. ... Read More

Original Article

Learning language disabilities in Children

Alan muhammed; Farhad Hasan

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 125-134

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166204

Abstract

This research “Learning language disabilities in Children” aims at dealing with some of the language disabilities/difficulties that occur in children. For this, this research ... Read More

Original Article

The Relationship between Semantic Roles and Syntactic Functions

azad hussin

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 135-147

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166206

Abstract

This research, under the title (The Relationship between Semantic Roles and Syntactic Functions), in the Sulaymaniyah dialect - middle Kurmanji , is an attempt to identify the different ... Read More

Original Article

Syntapragmatic process in Kurdish Language

khoshnaw Hama Ameen; Omar Kareem

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 148-172

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166674

Abstract

Language is the organization of components, which includes the rules and systems. The instructions, principles, conditions and criteria, assemble the ... Read More

Original Article

The Role of Pishdar District Dialect in Enriching Kurdish Lexicon Dictionary

Rabar kakarash; Hamza Hussein Hama hama

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 173-183

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166520

Abstract

This study, 'The Role of Pishdar District Dialect in Enriching Kurdish Lexicon Dictionary' discusses the relation among dialects and the breadth of vocabulary in Pishdar District for ... Read More This study, 'The Role of Pishdar District Dialect in Enriching Kurdish Lexicon Dictionary' discusses the relation among dialects and the breadth of vocabulary in Pishdar District for enriching Kurdish dictionary because the relation between dialects and a language; is the relation between a part to the whole. It can be said that a dialect is a different way of speaking in society that is used in a language and by the people of a certain region as a means of communication. However, in a dictionary words of a language are recorded so that they can be preserved. A dictionary is also a reference book containing the lexicon of a certain language arranged in a particular way for stating and explaining the meaning(s) of all the words. It is obvious that dialects are bases for constituting every language. Based on the long relation that has been there between linguistics and lexicography, each word in a language that is used in a special occasion for communication expressing a purpose, whether recorded in a dictionary or not, leads to enriching the dictionary of the language. This study, in addition to the introduction, conclusion, and the references list, consists of two major parts. In the first section of part one, a brief introduction is given to define languages and dialects. In the second section, reasons behind the appearance and multiplication of dialects in languages are explained. In the third section, the basic reasons behind the appearance of Kurdish language are discussed. The fourth section states the important relations between a language and its dialects, and then their differences are explained. In the sixth section, various types of languages are discussed. In the second part, the geography of Pishdar District is explained briefly. In the second section, a definition is given for dictionaries, followed by reasons for enriching a dictionary in the following section. In section four, ways in which words find their way into dictionaries are explained, and then the differences between regional and social dialects are discussed briefly. In the sixth section of this second part, the roles of social dialects in enriching a dictionary are stated. In the final section, the practical examples for the Pishdar District lexicon and their evident role in enriching Kurdish language dictionary are stated. The study ends with conclusions and the references list

Original Article

Principles of creating inner music in the poems of Karim Sharaza.

Zanyar Salih; Sarhad Mustafa

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 184-194

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166521

Abstract

Internal intonation is a significant part of the music of poetry that doesn't stipulate the poet with any preceding rules and constitution in writing his poetry. In another word, the ... Read More

Original Article

Names of devices in Kurdish poetry

Atif Farhadi

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 195-210

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166522

Abstract

Noun in Kurdish language, just like all the other languages, one of the significant word classes, that based on ways and aspects, it can be divided into many types, including: content, ... Read More

Original Article

Kurds Affair in Turkey between 2002 – 2016

Araz Ali; Zhelwan Ahmed; Bakhtyar Abdullah

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 211-224

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166523

Abstract

What we are discussing in this research in title of “Kurds Affair in Turkey between 2002 – 2016” is a summary of Turkish policy against Kurds in the area and the peace ... Read More

Original Article

Spatial distribution of separation barriers in Tuz Khurmatu (A Study in Political Geography)

‌Hunar Salah Jall; Ibrahim Qasim Palany

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 247-268

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166686

Abstract

Barriers are a political geographical phenomenon that has long been used as a separating boundary, with different uses and occupations according to geopolitical stages, ... Read More

Original Article

Evaluating cultural and sports services for Recreational activities in Kalar city

Sherwan Rasheed; azhin Mohammed

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 269-283

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167271

Abstract

This study, entitled "Evaluation of Cultural and Sports Services for Recreation Activities in Kalar", aims to clarify the way in which cultural and sport services are distributed in ... Read More

Original Article

A Description of Onomatopoeia in the Kurdish Language

shilan hussein; Razaw Ahmed

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 284-307

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167277

Abstract

The present study is entitled “A Description of Onomatopoeia in the Kurdish Language”. Onomatopoeia is phonetic forms of signifiers in which words emerge from the imitation ... Read More The present study is entitled “A Description of Onomatopoeia in the Kurdish Language”. Onomatopoeia is phonetic forms of signifiers in which words emerge from the imitation of the natural sounds of the signifieds. It is the words and expressions that come from the sounds of the things and these sounds suggest their meanings. This research explores the description, typologies, principles of the first language acquisition of onomatopoeia in the Kurdish language. This is done as a main type of words in language at the phonological and morphosemantics levels. The main aim of the study is an attempt to explore the relationship between morphosemantics and onomatopoeia in language frameworks in general, and the Kurdish language in particular. It also highlights the importance of onomatopoeia in language as a necessary aspect of the Kurdish grammar. Moreover, the daily usage of these sounds, especially by adults to prompt children, is an effective way for the first language acquisition. Although there are no adequate academic resources on the topic in the Kurdish language, it takes a huge portion of the language. It is also an active part of the morphological process and used in creating new words, and these are the reasons for the research. This paper is a primary step to study onomatopoeia in the Kurdish language and probably it is the first time an MA thesis to be written on it. A descriptive analysis approach is used to examine sounds of animal, nature, human, tools and inanimate things and how their production in the languages. Generally, the used references of the paper are glossaries and dictionaries, as well as, the daily spoken words of the common people, especially those words are spoken in Sorani dialect, Sulaimani region. The paper contains an abstract/ introduction, two sections, a conclusion and the list of references. The first chapter is named “A Description of Onomatopoeia in the Kurdish Language” which has two sections. The first section is “Concept and Introduction” and the second section is “The Principles of Onomatopoeia”. The second chapter is named “Phonosemantics of Onomatopoeia in the Kurdish Language” which has two sections. The first section is “theories, modules and types of onomatopoeia in the Kurdish Language”. The second section is “Onomatopoeia and the first Language acquisition” in which the effect of onomatopoeia is highlighted.

Original Article

The Kurdish issue in Turkish-Syrian relations from the Perspective of National Security and Water Security (1987-1992)

Salam Abdulla; Ranjdar Azeez

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 308-329

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167278

Abstract

Since the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, the Kurdish issue has had a major impact on its foreign relations and has been a major threat to the country's national security. ... Read More

Original Article

The Aesthetic Function of Poetry in the Classical Literature of Lower Kurmanji

Shno Mahmood; Zhino Muhammed

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 330-342

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167279

Abstract

Literature, like other human sciences, with its emergence and sprawling, has been assigned with functions by man, and this has been the result of the existence of several characteristics ... Read More

Original Article

Self-image and it’s relation to the acceptance of education expertise from students’ point of view at kindergarten departments in Kurdistan Region Universities

abdulsamad muhammed; Bilal Abdulqader

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 343-361

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167280

Abstract

Building human beings on healthy basis represents a fundamental framework for building a united society, as human beings are the main unit of society, as well as the area of development ... Read More Building human beings on healthy basis represents a fundamental framework for building a united society, as human beings are the main unit of society, as well as the area of development and development. Experts, psychologists and personalities have long confirmed that every human being has a picture of himself, and have pointed out that there are two images, the first a picture of the reality itself and the second a picture of the example itself. Either unrealistic or unrealistic, in a way that if there is a difference between the real self and the ideal itself, it will create a negative self-image, and vice versa, if the difference is low, it will lead to a positive self-image. Therefore, self-image is an important part of human behavior and a basis for directing individual behavior, whether it is normal or pleasant, and this is related to the experience, experience, and conflicts that individuals have gone through, because these images They see themselves as positive and acceptable images, especially for those who believe in their abilities and understanding, or negatively for those who disapprove of their actions and doubt their abilities. In this context, student satisfaction with their education is an effective factor in the success of their expertise and future careers, with the aim of achieving their goals, hobbies and aspirations in their professional life. This study aims to find out the level of self-image and the level of ambition and acceptance of education expertise by students in the kindergarten department at Universities in the Kurdistan Region, as well as to find a relationship between the three changes in terms of change: different universities, and the stage of study. The research limits Kurdistan regional universities for the (2022-2021) academic year, an example of the study is students from the children's kindergarten department at Kurdistan Region's universities, the first, third grade, numbering (610) students. To achieve Study aims, the researcher relied on the hammed Scale, 2004, for his own image, which consisted of 61 paragraphs, and then reviewed it according to the appropriate extent of the sections of the scale with the sample of the study, on the expert's suggestion. The criterion was 46 paragraphs, Then the researcher, taking advantage of previous scientific sources and researches, prepared both criteria for the acceptance of the study specialist, according to the steps taken to prepare the scientific criteria, and then extracted honesty and stability for each of them Scales. The importance of this Study can be shown a number of points: it is important for teachers and students in the children's garden department, as it becomes an important scientific guide on their image and the acceptance of study expertise by students. The children's kindergarten department, as well as the science of university officials and children's kindergarten teachers, will eventually become an important resource for students' views of themselves and their level of satisfaction with their education. For researchers and higher education students, who want to conduct others research in this field. Generally, this study concluded that the picture itself, the education expert, is at a high level, and then there is a strong direct relationship between the three changes, with evidence of statistical evidence. They have, and demographic changes such as the first and third stages of study have no effect on making differences on changes, but demographic changes such as different universities have an impact on the changes in their image and the accepting a study specialist, according to statistical evidence.

Original Article

Academic Self-Efficacy Among Koya University Students’ Relationship to Attitude Student Toward Specialization Study in Academic Year 2021-2022

SHAHEN RAOOF AWLA; kawa proph

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 362-374

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167935

Abstract

The aim of this study investigates academic self-efficacy students Koya University, and to find out attitude students Koya University regarding their major. also reveal statistical ... Read More

Original Article

ڕۆڵ و کاریگەری ئەحمەد تکۆدار و هەڵوێستی ئایینی

Nergz bayz hamad; Goran Abdullah

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 375-384

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167950

Abstract

Our research is about the role and the effectiveness of Sultan Tkodar over the religion changes in Mongolian community and derive them into a new religion which is Islam religion.The ... Read More

Original Article

الحركات الصوفية في شمال كردستان بين (1983-2007)

Shyma Saed; Hersh Hamakarim

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 385-401

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167969

Abstract

The Sufi's tariqa (way, brotherhood) in Kurdistan played an important and effective political role throughout the history of the Ottoman Empire. In the nineteenth century, especially ... Read More

Original Article

The effect of the Portage program on the development of language and social relationships among children with disabilities (4-6 years) in kindergartens and centers for children with disabilities

Sakar Hamasoor; Kareem Shareef Qarachatany

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 402-412

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167976

Abstract

Portage program is one of the best early childhood program that helps pre-school children gain useful skills for their lives. The aim of this study is to discover Portage program’s ... Read More

Original Article

Exploded phonotactic conditions and sides at the beginning and end of the paragraph

Kazm Hassib Nader; Dilshad Garib

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 413-422

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.167979

Abstract

This article focusing on phonotactic of consonant syllable (plosive and lateral) in Kurdish language, in context of this article some general information about the Language system. ... Read More

Original Article

دابه‌شبوونی جوگرافی پرۆسە جووڵەکردەکان و كاریگه‌ری له‌ سه‌ر نیشینگه‌ مرۆییه‌كان له‌ ناوچه‌ی مه‌یدان

Saya Saber; Peshtwan Ali Muhammed

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 423-439

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.168020

Abstract

Original Article

Sexual disorders and their relationship to some variables among married men and women in the Kurdish community

Moaid Jarjis; Diyar Sadiq; Zhila khwakaram

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 440-463

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.168023

Abstract

The research aims at identification of sexual disorders for married men and women in Kurdish Community and different statistical indication for sexual disorders pursuant to variables ... Read More

Original Article

Determining the days of climatic comfort for tourism activity in the Kalar and Sharbazher districts according to the Thom equation

Shirwan Omer Rashid; Paeman Salih

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 464-487

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.168029

Abstract

This study aims to highlight the role of climatic elements affecting human comfort in the Kalar and Sharbazher districts, through analyzing the climate data for both areas, and to reach ... Read More

Original Article

The Impact of Exchange Rate Changes on The Iraqi Balance of Payments for The Period (2004-2019) A Standard Analytical Study

Ali Abas; Hemin Aziz; Hemin Ali

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 488-503

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.168063

Abstract

The exchange rate is a link in linking international economic relations, and represents one of the main pillars in directing all foreign transactions of countries, as it reflects the ... Read More

Original Article

Evaluation of final Examination According to Bloom's Classification (Department of History and Geography as a model)

Bakhtiyar Habib; Hemin Ismail

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 504-516

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.168064

Abstract

The research aims to verify the extent to which the final exam covers cognitive objectives at their different levels, based on Bloom's classification. (52) exams were analyzed from ... Read More

Original Article

verses to prove the crime of adultery at the wife in Surat Al-Nur, analytical study

Aram Muhammed ali

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, Pages 517-529

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.168065

Abstract

Islam glorifies the woman’s affair, and makes accusing her of adultery ugly and heinous, and imposes a penalty of eighty lashes for whoever accuses her of it, if she does not ... Read More

Spatial Analysis of Natural Tourism Areas in Iraqi Kurdistan Region Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Khalid Wali Ali; Shirwan Omer Rashid; Hemin Nasraldin M. Amin

Volume 9, Issue 2 , January 0, , Pages 284-297

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.155250

Abstract

Tourism plays an important role in economic, social and cultural life in many countries in the world. Indicators and statistics published by the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) ... Read More

Syntapragmatic process in Kurdish Language

khoshnaw Hama Ameen; Omar Kareem

Volume 9, Issue 4 , December 2022, , Pages 148-172

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.166674

Abstract

Language is the organization of components, which includes the rules and systems. The instructions, principles, conditions and criteria, assemble the ... Read More

The Impact of Pricing Policies on The Consumer's Purchasing Decision

Roza hamaamin

Volume 9, Issue 2 , January 0, , Pages 270-283

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.155220

Abstract

The importance of this topic stems from the importance of the pricing process carried out by organizations, because it is the only element that links the organization to the customer ... Read More

Curriculum Principles

Huesn Ali; Sarhad Samin

Volume 9, Issue 2 , January 0, , Pages 23-34

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.153260

Abstract

Curriculum Development Principles In every society, learning is considered the center of learning and teaching processes. These curriculums are the reflection of educational philosophy ... Read More

Signing System in Kurdish - Sulaymaniyah Tone Form

azad hussin

Volume 9, Issue 2 , January 0, , Pages 1-8

https://doi.org/10.24271/jgu.2022.153211

Abstract

This research entitled (Signing System in Kurdish - Sulaymaniyah Tone Form), Purple Research - Purjatiki, Any Language level has been integrated into this research. The signal of a ... Read More

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