زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Foliar Application of Bread Yeast and Organic Fertilizer to Improve Yield Quantity and Quality of Thompson Seedless Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)1146703110.24271/garmian.321KUShabaq MNafea Al-Hawezy1 Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture/ University of Salahaddin, Kurdistan Region, IraqChnar AIbrahim1Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture/ University of Salahaddin, Kurdistan Region, IraqJournal Article20180811Study was conducted using Thompson seedless grapevines 11 years old, trained as<br />arbors (espalier) training in a vineyard at Erbil Directorate of Agriculture Researches /<br />Kurdistan Region / Iraq during the growing season of 2015 to investigate the possible<br />effects of foliar application of natural bread yeast (bio-fertilizer) and liquid organic<br />fertilizer (B&S Pot-min) on yield quantity and quality. Results indicated that the<br />concentration of 12 g.l-1 of bread yeast, liquid organic fertilizer at 4 ml.l-1 and<br />interaction between them affected on yield and physical characteristics of clusters,<br />berries and chemical properties of berries significantly over other concentrations and<br />interactions. The number of clusters/vine, cluster weight, yield increased by application<br />of bread yeast, and there were significant differences between treatments comparing to<br />control. Applications of bread yeast and organic fertilizer significantly improve physical<br />characteristics of berries comparing to control. Bread yeast application caused<br />significant increase in total soluble solid (TSS), decreased titratable acidity (TA), with<br />highest value of TSS/TA ratio compared with control.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Using Immunofluorescent Cell Marker Quantification as an Identification Method for M1 and M2 Macrophage Phenotypes15296703210.24271/garmian.322KUHassan MRostamDepartment of Biology, College of Education, University of Garmian, Kalar, Al-
Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, IraqJournal Article20180811Macrophages as antigen presenting cell (APC) play a vital role in orchestrating immune responses against foreign materials. The activation status of macrophages could be determined by tracking the expression of various cell markers that can be a signal for their immune activity behaviour following cellular stimulation either towards healing or inflammation. Previously numerous immunofluorescent cell markers have been used for distinguishing between pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype (M1) and anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype (M2) qualitatively, although most of those fluorescent cell markers express in both phenotypes. We have developed a new strategy to identify M1 and M2 phenotype quantitatively by using immunofluorescent cell markers. This approach enables the identification of different macrophage functional phenotypes quantitatively, and their degree of polarisation. Macrophages were polarised to M1 and M2 phenotypes by GM-CSF+IFN-γ and M-CSF+IL-4, respectively. Control cells were un-polarised (naïve) macrophages or monocytes were considered as macrophage progeny. For assessing cell polarisation all cell types were stained for nucleus. Also, their surface markers were stained with calprotectin for M1 cells and mannose receptor (MR) for M2 cells, followed by fluorescent microscopy examination. Cell images were analysed using CellProfiler software in order to measure the fluorescent signal intensity of the cell markers, and create a specific profile for each cell type. These profiles formed the basis for M1 and M2 phenotype identification. By using such fluorescent signal parameters we were able to identify M1 and M2 phenotypes effectively and distinguish them from naïve macrophages and monocytes.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Evaluation of some interleukins and immunomodulatory factors in Iraqi scabies patients30406705010.24271/garmian.323KUNora DAl-MusawiCollege of Education for Pure Science, University of Diyala, IraqNagham YAl-BayatiCollege of Education for Pure Science, University of Diyala, IraqMunther HussainKing's College London, London, UKJournal Article20180812Scabies is a contagious skin infection, caused by Sarcoptes scabiei. It is one of a<br />neglected parasitic disease. It causes complications that lead to inflammatory and<br />allergic immune response. This study was designed to obtain the role of some<br />cytokines in scabies patients and compare their levels with dermal diseases patients<br />and control (healthy).<br />The study included one hundred and three patients infected with scabies, seven<br />dermal disease patients (positive controls) as well as 34 healthy individual as control<br />group. The blood samples were collected from scabies and dermal disease patients as<br />well as the control groups. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used<br />to measure Interleukine-4 (IL-4), Interleukin -8 (IL-8), Interleukin-17A (IL-17A),<br />Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Monocyte Chemotactic<br />Protein-1 (MCP-1) and Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1-α (MIP-1- α) in the<br />serum of scabies patients, dermal disease patients and healthy individuals.<br />The results showed that IL-4, IL-8, IL-17A and TNF- α was higher in scabies<br />patients than in other groups (positive control and healthy), with no significant<br />differences. While both of MIP- α and MCP-1 were higher in scabies patients<br />compared with healthy group, with significant differences. MIP- α was higher in<br />dermal patients individuals than in scabies patients. TNF- α was lower in scabies<br />patients than in healthy group but higher than in dermal disease patient group. There<br />was positive correlation between IL-17A and each of IL-8, TNF- α, MCP-1 and<br />between IL-8 and both of IL-17A and MCP-1, while there was negative correlation<br /> between MIP-1- α and both of IL-4 and MCP-1. The results suggested that the<br />scabies infection may induce the systemic and inflammatory immune response.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Incidence of Phthiriasis palpebrarum caused by pubic lice Pthirus pubisin Al-Sulaimaniyah province, Kurdistan region, Iraq4476705110.24271/garmian.324KUNahla MahmoodAmeenHigh Diploma of Ophthalmology,Shahid Doctor Aso Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology
Clinic, Al-Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, IraqOmer MahmoodAminDepartment of Biology
College of Education
Garmian University
Kalar, Alsulaimaniyah, Kurdistan, IraqJournal Article20180812Phthiriasis palpebrarum is a rare infection caused by pubic lice Pthirus pubis. This<br />parasite has become a public health problem since itinfestshuman eyes and has been<br />linked with other infections like keratitis, conjunctivitis and blepharitis. The present<br />study was carried out on 2325 patients attended Doctor Shahid Aso Hospital in Al-<br />Sulaimaniyah province, Kurdistan region, Iraq from January to November 2017. Four<br />patients were observed to have symptoms like itching, redness, swollen of the eyelids<br />with the presence of tiny white objects at the base of their eyelashes . Through<br />examination using slit lamp and florescent microscopes, it was observed that the<br />infections were caused by infestation with adults and nymphs of Pthirus pubis. Lice<br />and nits were removed mechanically using fine forceps followed by treatment of the<br />patients with erythromycin eye ointment. All the patients were treated successfully. To<br />the best of our knowledge this is the first documentation of phthariasis papebrarum in<br />Kurdistan and Iraq. Further studies are required for better understanding the ecology,<br />phylogeny and the potential of disease transmission of the parasite.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Assessment of Sirwan River Water Quality from Downstream of Darbandikhan Dam to Kalar District, Kurdistan Region, Iraq48586705210.24271/garmian.325KUAzad HAlshatteriChemistry, college of education university of garmian kalar iraqAbdulmutalib RafatSarhatDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Garmian. Kalar, Al-Sulaimaniyah,
Kurdistan Region, IraqAvesta MJaff2 Research Centre, University of Garmian. Kalar, Al-Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, IraqJournal Article20180812This study was performed to evaluate the Siwran River water quality between<br />Darbandikhan Downstream Dam and Kalar city for domestic and irrigation uses. Seven<br />stations from different sites have been selected along the Sirwan River, and four<br />replications from each station were taken. The parameters of water quality used in this<br />work are (Turbidity, pH, Total hardness, Magnesium, Calcium, Sulphate, Nitrate,<br />Chloride, Conductivity μs/cm, TDS). Data analysis shows that the water quality<br />parameters of Sirwan River are not compatible with the drinking water standards<br />especially the concentrations of Aluminum and Iron which show increasing levels than<br />the maximum allowable levels for drinking water standards. In addition, to classifying<br />water quality and evaluation its suitability for irrigation purposes, SAR, RSC, and ESP<br />were calculated following standard equations and found experimentally as 0.5, 1.7, and<br />5.3 respectively. The results of the study revealed that the Sirwan River water should be<br />used with good irrigation management techniques and soil salinity monitored by<br />laboratory.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Alteration of Some Heavy Metals and Kidney Function Tests in Serum of Crude Oil Station Workers59666705310.24271/garmian.326KUVyan AQaderDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of science and health, Koya University, Daniel Mitterrand
Boulevard, Koya KOY45 AB64, Kurdistan Region, IraqSardar NAhmedDepartment of clinical Biochemistry, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, IraqAyad FPalaniDepartment of Chemistry, College of science, University, Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan Region, IraqJournal Article20180812Some trace metals have no biological role, are toxic when in a certain form and<br />concentration. The aim of the present study is to study the effects of exposure to the<br />vapors of crude oil (vehicle fuel) on some trace elements value and kidney function tests<br />in serum of crude oil station workers. The study includes (30) men crude oil station<br />workers (group 1), and (30) men non crude oil station workers (group 2). The mean<br />value of serum aluminum (Al), barium (Ba), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and<br />vanadium (V) were significantly higher in (group 1) compared with (group 2) (p<0.05),<br />while the mean value of serum silver (Ag) in group 2 was significantly higher than that<br />of group 1, while {mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb)} in group 1 no significantly higher than<br />that of group2, the serum creatinine and uric acid in group 1 was significantly higher<br />than that of group 2, and serum urea in group 1 was non significantly higher than that of<br />group 2. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded trace elements<br />in serum of crude oil station workers are abnormal and affect dramatically of kidney<br />functions.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Corrosion Prevention of Cast Iron Industrial Water Pipes: A Preliminary Comparative Study of Hexamine and Aniline Inhibitors67836707810.24271/garmian.327KUHayder MohammedIssaUniversity of Garmian
Kalar, IraqAzad HAlshatteriChemistry Dept., Education College, University of Garmian, Iraq.Journal Article20180812Using cast iron pipes in various industrial and water systems is experiencing a major<br />problem of corrosion occurrence. Hence the operation and maintenance of these pipes<br />become costly and infeasible. Corrosion inhibitors have a great role in decreasing pipes<br />corrosion rate. In this study, the inhibition effect by applying two inhibitors of<br />hexamethylenetetramine (hexamine) and aniline on cast iron pipes was studied.<br />Experimental measurements of the corrosion behavior of cast iron pipes was thoroughly<br />examined in three aqueous salt solutions of 2% NaCl, 2% Na 2 SO 4 and 2% CaCO 3 . The<br />corrosion inhibition efficiency of the cast iron pipes by aniline or hexamine in the three<br />aqueous salt aqueous solutions was investigated at constant temperature and for different<br />time intervals. Corrosion rates of the pipes were determined using weight loss technique.<br />It has been found that, for the corrosion of cast iron pipes, a satisfactory inhibition<br />efficiency is observed for a concentration close to 150 ppm hexamine and 150 ppm<br />aniline over the whole aqueous salt solutions tested in the work. The results showed that<br />at the same inhibitor concentration and temperature, aniline exhibits higher inhibition<br />corrosion efficiency on cast iron pipes than the efficiency achieved by hexamine.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Effect of Atorvastatin on Vitamin D Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Hypercholesterolemia84896707910.24271/garmian.328KUHuda JaberCollege of pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad.Kassim Mohmmed MohmmedSafeer Alimam Al-Hussain (A.S) Surgical Hospital,Karbala.Azhar AbedFlayyihInstitute of medical Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.Amal RasheedJournal Article20180812The decrement of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25-ΟΗ-D] concentrations has<br />been increase the severity of cardiovascular disease especially in diabetic patients.<br />The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of atorvastatin on 25-OH-D<br />concentration in diabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia. Methods and patients:<br />Forty diabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia were participated in this work. For<br />comparison, thirty healthy subjects were inserted in the present study. Serum vitamin<br />D levels and lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL and VLDL) were<br />measured. Results: Vitamin D levels significantly decrease ( p˂0.05) in diabetic<br />patients group (22.4±5.1 ng/ml) when compared to healthy group (32.44±4.12 ng/ml)<br />.After 8 weeks from taking atorvastatin (20 mg/day) the mean of serum vitamin D<br />were a slightly increase(26.4± 5.6) but not significant. Total cholesterol significantly<br />decreases after therapy. Conclusion: Vitamin D levels significantly decrease in<br />diabetic patients when compared to healthy subjects. There was no significant<br />difference in vitamin D patients before and after lipid lowering therapy.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Enhance the Activities of Hydrogen Production by Changing the Sequence of Preparation the Ternary Composite Pt -TiO 2 /MWNT901036708010.24271/garmian.329KUFiras HAbdulrazzakChemistry Department, College of education for pure science, Diyala University, Diyala, IraqFalah HHusseinChemistry Department, College of Science, Babylon University, Hilla, IraqJournal Article20180812Two types of ternary Pt-TiO 2 /MWNT were synthesized by<br />Sonochemical/Hydration–Dehydration methods which include photoplatinazation and<br />supporting with MWNTs. The synthesized materials (Pt-TiO 2 )/MWNT and Pt-<br />(TiO 2 /MWNT) were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, UV-<br />Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission<br />electron microscopy. The activity of (0.65 g/L) MWNT/TiO 2 /Ptwere estimated by H 2<br />production from (7.5 vol %) aqueous methanol solution. The results showed that<br />platinizationof TiO 2 than create hybrid with MWNTs was more efficient in hydrogen<br />production than platinazationofMWNT/ TiO 2 .The preparation method, homogenous<br />distribution and localized of MWNTs with Pt onto TiO 2 shows sensitively influence<br />in the achieving the best efficient charge separation and transfer in exist the platinum<br />under UV- light (< 420 nm) irradiation.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Photostabilization of Polystyrene Films by Chromium complex1041146708110.24271/garmian.330KUBurak KadhimDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Diyala, Baquba, Diyala, Iraq.Ahamed AhamedDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Mustansiriyah, Bagdad, Iraq.Amir FadhilDawoodKarim HHassanJournal Article20180812The photo sensitized degradation of polymer system is occasionally used as a means of<br />solving the problem of environmental pollution, photostabilization of polystyrene films<br />using chrom complexes was investigated. Poly styrene films with a thickness of 80μm<br />and contains complexes concentration of 0.05% wt were produced by the casting<br />method with chloroform being the solvent The photostabilization activities of these<br />complexes were determined by monitoring changes in carbonyl,(I CO ) and hydroxyl,(I OH )<br />indices and calculating the photodecomposition rate constant (k d ), the average molecular<br />weight for the studied films The results obtained showed that the photostabilization<br />activity of polystyrene film in the presence of the complexes as additive follows the<br />trends:<br />Cr [S2CN(C 2 H 5 ) 2 ] 3 > Cr[C 6 H 4 NO 2 ] 3 > PS > Cr(acac)زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Aerodynamic simulation of windflow aroundurban regionsusing different turbulence modeling approaches1151256708310.24271/garmian.331KUShako A.MohammedCollege of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, IraqSaman AAbdullahCivil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, USAJournal Article20180812There are different turbulent models that have significant impacts on aerodynamic<br />performance and simulation of wind flow over urban areas. A built-up urban area that<br />contains a set of mid- to high-rise buildings was used to highlight theimpact of<br />different turbulence models such asRe-Normalization Group(RNG)k-epsilon, Shear-<br />Stress-Transport (SST)k-omega on the aerodynamic performance of wind flowingin<br />different directions.For both approaches, simulation results such as pressure, mean<br />velocity, and kinetic energy at different directions were obtained and compared. The<br />results demonstrate that, givenan acceptable iterative time andthe same boundary<br />conditions and input variables, both modeling approachesproduce similar resultsfor<br />pressure and velocity around the urban area and slightly different results for the<br />kinetic energy at some location in the urban region, as well as along the height of the<br />buildings considered herein.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Effect of Freezing and Thawing on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Sedimentary Rock1261406708410.24271/garmian.332KUYounis MAlshkaneCivil Department, faculty of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Al- Sulaimaniyah, KRG/IraqSafin BahadinHama SaeedCivil Department, faculty of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Al- Sulaimaniyah, KRG/IraqJournal Article20180812Rocks have been used as a building material throughout the history. The Engineering<br />Properties of rocks mainly depends on mineralogical composition and texture of the<br />rock type. Weathering processes influence the rock porosity in cold climate area. This<br />paper studies the effect of weathering (freezing thawing cycles) on physical and<br />mechanical properties of specific types of rock (sedimentary rocks). Freeze–thaw<br />cycles is one of the most important phenomena affecting the engineering properties<br />of rocks. This study was conducted based on literature data to analyze the durability<br />and stability of rocks throughout the physical and mechanical properties such as<br />(density, porosity, Brazilian tensile strength, unconfined compressive strength and<br />point load Index) of sedimentary rock specimens exposed to excessive amount<br />freezing-thawing cycles. Key factors that affecting the strength of frozen rocks were<br />analyzed. Results showed that porosity and the intensity of freezing-thawing cycles<br />influenced Engineering properties of sedimentary rocks significantly. The loss in<br />unconfined compressive strength is an important indicator for rock strength and<br />durability However, this test is extremely expensive and tedious. Therefore, different<br />correlations and Statistical models were developed using multiple regression analyses<br />to predict the mechanical properties of rocks such as unconfined compressive<br />strength and tensile strength from other physical properties and corresponding to<br />specified number of F-T cycles. The models are very reliable with R 2 = 95% and can<br /> be used to predetermination of unconfined compressive strength and tensile strength<br />of sedimentary rocks.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Legal Sanction of Construction Projects1411596708510.24271/garmian.333KUSuzan OthmanQadirCollege of Law, University of Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, IraqJournal Article20180812The projects and implementer contractors in Sulaimaniyah area sometimes faced to<br />the legal sanctions due to several reasons, like quality control, safety, health, security,<br />financial, the legal aspects of the contract and the delay in the implementations or<br />change in the design of the projects during the implementation of the projects which<br />is the most frequent and important reason that happen in the projects and causes the<br />sanction of the parties either contractor or the employer staff , , this study conducted<br />to define the type and the responsible persons of the sanctions, and then to reduce or<br />prevent the reasons that causes’ sanctions, therefore particularly it was focused on the<br />reasons that have related to the Iraqi General Conditions Contract (IGCC) gaps,<br />which is all the contracts depends on, and signing the contracts accordingly. There<br />are some items in the IGCC indicated the fault of the contractor and severe penalty<br />that causes sanction of the contractor specially the item that related to the delay of<br />and over passing the time scheduled duration. Those items were sometimes caused<br />bankruptcy of the contractors during the in implementations of several constructional<br />projects. There were some characteristics and parameters have direct effects on the<br />variation orders and that changes, but the IGCC did not specialized any item for<br />sanction with the responsible persons.<br />This study was focused on the reasons that have related to the legal aspects, specially<br />the sanction of the contractor and the faults of the designer which goes straight<br />without taking any legal action against the Engineer. Therefore tried to collect<br />information and indicate characteristics to help or facilitate to trying to decrease the<br /> delay, minimize and prevent the sources and making suggestion to modify that items<br />that have affect on the delay of the projects in design and implementation stages of<br />the projects and finally have effect on the sanction of the contractors and the<br />designers. The data collection for this study depended on reviews which collected<br />from various projects in constructional fields, some informationn were collected from<br />the actual implemented projects and other some from the experience of contractors<br />and engineers that have implemented projects and faced to the delay and suffered<br />from the side effects of the variations during the implementation of the projects, in<br />other hand there are some other different causes also has effects on the delaying and<br />sanction like financial causes, quality control, risk controlling safety and health that<br />causes sanction of the contractors and designers.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Physical and Mechanical Properties of Metamorphic Rocks1601736708610.24271/garmian.334KUZozk KawaAbdaqadirCivil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Sulaimani,
Al- Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, IraqYounis MAlshkaneCivil Department, faculty of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Al- Sulaimaniyah, KRG/IraqJournal Article20180812In this study, the relationships between the physical and mechanical properties of<br />metamorphic rocks have been investigated based on data that were collected from<br />previous studies. The data for the physical and mechanical properties of metamorphic<br />rocks such as (Density, Young’s modulus, Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS),<br />Porosity, Tensile strength, Specific Gravity) for some types of metamorphic rocks (<br />Gneiss, Schist, Phyllite , Slate , Marble, Amphibolite, Hornfels and Quartzite) were<br />collected from previous studies. The statistical analysis has been investigated in order to<br />find the valuable relationships between physical and mechanical properties of the<br />studied rock.. The results revealed linear relationships between those properties. Based<br />on the coefficient of determination (R 2 ), the best linear correlations were obtained<br />between Young’s modulus and Porosity with R 2 of 0.86 whereas, the weak relationship<br />was found between UCS and Specific Gravity of R 2 =0.22. This indicates that there is not<br />a direct relationship between UCS and specific gravity.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Statistical Analysis of Mechanical and Physical Properties of Igneous Rocks1741896708710.24271/garmian.335KUSoran Jabbar HSalihDepartment of Civil Engineer, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sulaimni, Al- Sulaimaniyah,
Kurdistan Region, IraqYounis MAlshkaneCivil Department, faculty of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Al- Sulaimaniyah, KRG/IraqJournal Article20180812One of the modern finishing materials for building construction is igneous rock. This<br />study was focused on determining the relationships between mechanical and physical<br />properties of igneous rocks. This incorporates point load strength index Is (50) , Unconfined<br />Compression Strength (UCS), flexural strength, poisons ratio, dry density, porosity,<br />Schmidt rebound values and P-wave velocity for a wide range of igneous rocks. The<br />study was performed on data collected from the literature. The results showed that the<br />porosity has a significant negative effect on the dry density of rock samples. The best<br />relationship was observed between modulus of elasticity and temperature with the<br />coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.89; it means that the temperature had a great<br />influence on the modulus of elasticity so that increasing temperature causes to decrease<br />in modulus of elasticity of igneous rock. In addition, the weakest relationship was<br />observed between flexural strength and p-wave velocity with R 2 of 0.42; whereas, there<br />was no relationship between UCS and Poisons ratio.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601The effect of superplasticizer dosage on fresh properties of self- compacting lightweight concrete produced with coarse pumice aggregate1902096708810.24271/garmian.336KUNADHIM AbdulwahidHAMAH SORBuilding and Construction Engineering Department / University of Garmian0000-0001-7349-5540Journal Article20180812The use of superplasticizer in the manufacture of self-compacting concrete is gradually<br />more common. Each type of superplasticizer available in the market has different<br />compositions, causing differences in dosage requirement. Also, superplasticizer affect<br />the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. In this experimental study the effect of<br />different dosage of superplasticizer (SP) on fresh properties of self-compacting<br />lightweight concrete (SCLC) containing coarse aggregate pumice were studied by using<br />five different percentages for (SP) (1%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.7% and 2%) of the binder<br />weight. (SCLCs) were produced with constant binder content of 550 kg/m 3 and at a<br />water-to-binder ratio of 0.26. 20% of portland cement was replaced with fly ash by<br />weight. The workability of SCLCs was quantitatively evaluated by slump flow time and<br />diameter, V-funnel flow time, and L-box height ratio. Moreover, compressive strength<br />of hardened SCLCs was measured at 28 days by using compression machine and<br />Rebound hammer test. The results show that with the increase of (SP) dosage in the<br />concrete mixture, the flowability increased. However, there is an optimum value of (SP).<br />The increase of (SP) dosage is accompanied by decreasing of T 500 slump flow and V-<br />funnel time until it reaches the optimum level. Nevertheless, excessive use of (SP) lead<br />to increase of slump flow diameter.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601On Minimal λbc-Open Sets2102186709010.24271/garmian.337KUSarhad FNamiMathematics Department, College of Education, University of
Garmian, Kurdistan- Region, Iraq.Journal Article20180812In this paper, we introduce and discuss minimal -open sets in topological spaces. We<br />establish some basic properties of minimal -open. We obtain an application of a<br />theory of minimal -open sets and we defined a -locally finite space.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601On Minimal -Open Sets2192286709110.24271/garmian.338KUSarhad FNamiMathematics Department, College of Education, University of
Garmian, Kurdistan- Region, Iraq.Journal Article20180812In this paper, we introduce and discuss minimal -open sets in topological spaces. We<br />establish some basic properties of minimal -open. We obtain an application of a<br />theory of minimal -open sets and we defined a -locally finite space.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Some Properties of Preopen Set in Closure Spaces2292466709210.24271/garmian.339KUHalgwrd MDarweshMathematics Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.Sarhad FNamiMathematics Department, College of Education, University of
Garmian, Kurdistan- Region, Iraq.Journal Article20180812Using the concept of preopen set, we introduce and study closure properties of pre-<br />limit points, pre-derived sets, pre-interior and pre-closure of a set, pre-interior points,<br />pre-border, pre-frontier and pre-exterior in closure space. The relations between pre-<br />closure of a set and pre-interior (point) in closure spaces and pre-closure of a set and<br />pre-interior (point) in topological space are investigated.<br /> زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Study the Effect of Indium on the Urbach Energy and Dispersion Parameters of CdO Thin Films2472556709310.24271/garmian.340KUTahseen MubarakDepartment of Physics, College of Science, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq 2 Department of Physics,Sami SalmanChiadCollege of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqNadir FadhilHabubiDepartment of Physics, College of Education, University of Garmian, Kalar, IraqMahmood M.Kareemphysicsdepartment-college of education_Univ. Of Garmian_ Sulaymaniah- IraqMohamed OddaDawodEhssan SHassanJournal Article20180812CdO thin films have been deposited onto glass substrate by chemical spray pyrolysis.<br />Transmittance and reflectance spectra in the range300-900 nm were recorded via UV-<br />Visible spectrophotometer for various In-content in the CdO:In thin films.<br />Transmittance decreased with increasingIn-content in the CdO:In thin films, while the<br />reflectance slightly increased in the wavelength more than 480 nm. Urbach energy<br />decreased with increasing In-content in the CdO:In thin films. Dispersion parameters are<br />calculated, and find that E d , E o , ε ∞ , n(0), S o ,M -1 and M -3 are increased with increasing In-<br />content in the CdO:In thin films.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Analyzing the interactions between fluid and solid particles2562706709410.24271/garmian.341KUSherko Ahmad FlamarzAl-ArkawaziSulaimani Polytechnic University (SPU), Al- Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, IraqJournal Article20180812This study focuses on analyzing and modeling the interactions between fluid and solid<br />particles. A model based on the detection of contacts in granular medium is developed<br />from a Discrete Elements approach (DEM) for solid phase, coupled with a<br />Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for fluid phase. The objective of this work is to<br />investigate the interactions occurs between the fluid and solid particles in fluidized beds,<br />and to better understand the various characteristic of these interactions which is the base<br />of work of unit operations in a set of industrial processes. A comparison between<br />different models of fluid flow (laminar model, k- model, and k-ω SST model) in CFD<br />code is showed that; the k- model is most appropriate for calculation of fluid flow in<br />industrial applications. The interaction between the fluid and each particle is performed<br />through a drag force. The effect of the local particle concentration on the drag force is<br />modeled by a porosity function. The simulations results are revealed that the value of<br />exponent of porosity shows substantial dependence on the size of the Representative<br />Volume Element (REV), tortuosity and the velocity of the fluid flow. Finally, the<br />comparison between numerical simulation results with experimental results, in terms of<br />fluidized bed height are showed that the bed expansion height of the fluidized bed is<br />increased with an increase of fluid velocity, and this presents already a very good fit,<br />which eventually achieve an optimization of fluidization processes.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Forward-backward asymmetries of decay in the SM42712816709510.24271/garmian.342KUHossein MehranfarPhysics Department, University of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan Region, IraqJournal Article20180812In this paper, we investigate the effects of fourth generation quarks in the unpolarized<br />and polarized forward-backward asymmetries of decay. The fourth generation quarks<br />change the values of Wilson coefficients in effective Hamiltonian which is the main part<br />of differential decay rate. Taking the with phase , we conclude that the forward-<br />backward asymmetries of decay is very sensitive to existing of new parameters of fourth<br />generation quarks for both leptons. In the end, It seems that the study of the forward-<br />backward asymmetries can be a very useful tool for establishing new physics beyond<br />Standard model as well as B-physics experiments.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Measurement of the Average Cross-Section Values for Neutron Reaction with the Elements (Mg , Al, Fe, Ni, Zn , Cu) from the Neutron Source 241 Am/Be.2822936709610.24271/garmian.343KUFaissal GHammodyDepartment of Physics, College of Science, University of Diyala.Firas MHadyOmar. AMuwafaqJournal Article20180812The average cross- section for fast neutron reactions with the elements (Mg , Al, Fe,<br />Ni, Zn , Cu) in 65 Cu(n, p) 65 Ni, 64 Zn(n, p) 64 Cu, 58 Ni(n, p) 58 Co, 56 Fe(n, p) 56 Mn, 57 Al(n,<br />p) 57 Mg and 24 Mg(n, p) 24 Na reactions has been calculated by using the numerical –<br />graphical method for 241 Am/Be neutron source according to the intensity distribution<br />of the source as a function of neutron energy. The corresponding neutron cross-<br />section values at certain energies are taken from neutron cross-sections curves.<br />Furthermore, the average neutron cross-sections for each of these reactions have been<br />measured using the activation method. A well-type NaI(Tℓ) detector was used for<br />measuring the radiation activity.<br />The cross-sections for these reaction were measured by using of 27 Al(n, p) 27 Mg<br />reaction as a reference for short-lived activity arising in the different reactions. For<br />long - lived activities the 27 Al(n, ) 24 Na, and 56 Fe (n, p) 56 Mn are used. It is found that<br />the cross – section for the 65 Cu isotope is σ =826.29±62 mb while the standard value<br />is σ =962±60 mb for the same.We have found the relative neutron activation method<br />is more accurate than the absolute neutron activation method to stabilize the value of<br />neutron flux through the use of the monitor reaction.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601دراسة مقارنة لمستوى کفایة العمل البدنیة بالحد الاقصى لاستهلاک الأوکسجینی مابین لاعبی بعض الالعاب الجماعیة2943136709810.24271/garmian.344KUجمیل محمدعلیکلیه التربیه الاساسیه/جامعه کرمیانJournal Article20180812یهدف البحث الى التعرف على الفروق الإحصائیة فی مستوى الکفایة العمل البدنی والحد الاقصى<br />لاستهلاک الأوکسجین ما بین لاعبی بعض الالعاب الجماعیةفی منطقة إدارة کرمیان , أذ تکونت عینة البحث من<br />(36) لاعباً من لاعبی بعض الألعاب الجماعیة, یشمل لعبة الکرة الطائرة لنادی شیروانة الریاضی ,وکرة<br />القدم, وکرة الید لنادی رزکاری الریاضی، بواقع (12) لاعباَ من کل لعبة.استخدمة الباحثان المنهج<br />الوصفی،اختارا الباحثان مجتمع وعینة البحث بشکل عمدیة وتم استخدمةبأجراء اختبار الکفایة العمل البدنی عند<br />النبض(170)لعینة البحث، بعد قیاس معدل النبض فی الدقیقة الواحدة باحتساب عدد نبضات القلب خلال (30ثوان<br />ثم ضرب الناتج × 2)، إذ تم قیاس معدل النبض اثناء الراحة وبعد حملین من المقاومة على الخطوة السلم<br />الخشبی بأرتفاع(40)سم,بحیث یکون الحمل الثانی اکبر من الحمل الاول، کما تم تحدید قیمتی للکفایة العمل<br />البدنی (170) والحدالاقصى لاستهلاک الأوکسجین بواسطةمعادلة(کاربمان)،کما تم أیضًا تحدید قیمتی الکفایة<br />العمل البدنی(170)النسبی والحدالاقصى الاستهلاک الأوکسجین النسبی وقد خلصت نتائج الدراسة إلى ما یاتی:<br />- عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائیة فی معدل النبض فی اثناء الراحة وبعد الحمل الأول والثانی مابین لاعبی<br />بعض الالعاب الجماعیة .<br />-عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائیة فی تحدید قیمتی الکفایة العمل البدنی(170) والحد الاقصى لاستهلاک الأوکسجین<br />ما بین لاعبی بعض الالعاب الجماعیة .<br />-عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائیة فی قیمتی الکفایة العمل البدنی (170) النسبی و الحد الاقصى لاستهلاک<br />الأوکسجین النسبی ما بین لاعبی بعض الالعاب الجماعیة.<br />وعلى ضوء النتائج المحققة یوصى الباحثان: یجب علىزانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601بعض القیاسات الجسمیة وعلاقتها بدقة الارسال المستقیم بالتنس الارضی للاعبی فریق کلیة التربیة الریاضیة فی خانقین3143296709910.24271/garmian.345KUجعفر حسینعلیازاد علیحسنJournal Article20180812الباب االول: التعریف بالبحث تضمن املقدمة واهمیة البحث ومت استعراض لعبة التنس األرضی وهی واحدة من األلعاب<br />الریاضیة الیت شهدت تطورا ملحوظا باستصدام التطبیق العلمی الصحیح وخاصة القیاسات األنثروبومرتیة من اخلصائ<br />الفردیة الیت یتمیز بها اإلنسان عن غریة سواء قیاسات للجسم البشری ککل أو أقسامة وکلمة مقاییس اجلسم البشری<br />األنثروبومرتیة فرع من األنثروبولوجیا . وهو علم یبحث یف أصل قیاس اجلسم البشری وللقیاسات األنثروبومرتیة أو اجلسمیة<br />عدة اهتمامات فهی تقیس )األطوال والکتل واألعراض واحملیطات واألعماق ومسک الدهن واألمناط اجلسمیة والقوة العضلیة<br />للکتف والرجلنی(. وتکمن أهمیة البحث یف تناول القیاسات اجلسمیة بدراسة من خالل منهج وصفی جیمع بنی القیاسات<br />اجلسمیة ودقة االرسال املستقیم یف التنس االرضی. اذ تتجلى مشکلة البحث من هنا یربز التسأول التالی حول العالقة اجلدیة<br />یف دقة االرسال املستقیم بالتنس االرضی فضال عن العتالت والروافع الناجتة عن أطوال أجزاء اجلسم وخاصة اإلطراف العلیا<br />ومن هنا تربز مشکلة البحث یف تناول القیاسات اجلسمیة من خالل منهج وصفی جیمع بنی القیاسات اجلسمیة ودقة االرسال<br />املستقیم یف التنس االرضی وکانت اهم االهداف هی1- - التعرف على بعض القیاسات اجلسمیة السائدة لدى العیب فریق کلیة<br />الرتبیة الریاضیة یف خانقنی 2-التعرف على نوعیة العالقة بنی بعض القیاسات اجلسمیة بدقة االرسال املستقیم لدى العیب<br />فریق کلیة الرتبیة الریاضیة یف خانقنی.اما اجملاالت البحـــــــــث فقد تضمنت اجملال البشری العیب منتصب کلیة الرتبیة<br />الریاضی یف خانقنی لعام 2017-2018. امااجملال املکانی القاعة الریاضیة لکلیة الرتبیة الریاضیة یف<br />خانقنی .واجملال ألزمانی للفرتة من 15/2 /2018 ولغایة 15 \4\2018.<br />الباب الثانی : فتضمن الدراسات النظریة واملشابهةذات الصلة والعالقة مبوضع البحث.<br />وکان الباب الثالث قد احتوى على منهجیة البحث واجراءاته املیدانیة اذ استصدم الباحث املنهج الوصفی وکانت العینة تتألف من<br />العیب املنتصب کلیة الرتبیة الریاضیة یف خانقنی .واستصدم الباحث االختبارات املقننة لضمان دقة النتائج، وقد أجریت<br /> طؤظاری زانکؤی طةرمیان University Garmian of Journal جملة جامعة کرمیان<br /> االختبارات ملتغریات البحث على عینة البحث یف یوم االحد املوافق 1/4 /2018 ،یف الساحات خاصة للتنس االرضی وبعد<br />ان مت معاجلة النتائج احصائیاً، مت عرضها وحتلیلها ومناقشتها یف الباب الرابع<br />اما یف الباب اخلامس فاستنتج الباحث عدم وجود ارتباط معنوی بنی القیاسات اجلسمیة ) طول اجلسم ، وزن اجلسم ، طول<br />الذراع ، طول الساعد ، طول العضد ، طول الکف ، مدى الکف ، عرض الصدر ، عرض الکتف ( ومهارة االرسال املستقیم<br />لالعیب منتصب کلیة الرتبیة الریاضیة یف خانقنی وکانت اهم التوصیات 1 -التأکید یف الربامج التدریبیة لالعبنی الذین لدیهم<br />ضعف یف مهارة االرسال املستقیم.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Padovan Numbers by the Permanents of a Certain Complex Pentadiagonal Matrix3303386710010.24271/garmian.346KUDiyar OMustafa ZanganaSiirt University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, TR-56100, Siirt, TurkeyAhmet ÖteleşDicle University, Education Faculty, Department of Mathematics, TR-21280, Diyarbakir/TurkeyJournal Article20180813In this paper, we consider a certain type of complex pentadiagonal matrices. Then we<br />show that the permanents of this matrix generate Padovan numbers. Finally, we give a<br />Maple procedure in order to verify our result.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Phytogeographical Study of the Family Orobanchaceae in Kurdistan Region-Iraq3393486719010.24271/garmian.347KUSirwan HassanSalihBiology Department, College of Education, University of Garmian, Kalar, Kurdistan Region, IraqJournal Article20180814This study included a comprehensive survey of the north and northeast districts of Iraq,<br />the ecology and geographical distribution of the Orobanchaceae species available in<br />Iraqi Kurdistan regions in Duhok, Arbil and Sulaimani governorates were investigated,<br />based on data collected from different sources, geographical distribution was made by<br />the aid of prepared maps, ecological notes were pointed out regarding the different<br />environmental types, species distribution of two genera (Orobanche L. and Phelypaea<br />L.) of the family and two endemic species (O. ovata and O. singarensis) has been<br />recorded, as well it was noted that the O. aegyptiaca Pers. is the most widely distributed<br />specie (common species) and Phelypaea coccinea was the rare species.زانکۆی گەرمیانJournal of Garmian University231000875220180601Bioinformatic analysis reveals possible response of the Arabidopsis acetylated histone-binding protein (BRAT1) against abiotic stresses3493636719110.24271/garmian.348KUAsaad MohammedMahmoodKalar-sulaimaniyah main road0000-0002-6281-9797Journal Article20180814Transposable elements and other sequences of repetitive DNA including microsatellite are usually subject to both DNA methylation and transcriptional silencing. However, anti-silencing mechanisms which lead to promote transcription in such regions are not well investigated. A recent genetic screening in Arabidopsis thaliana identified an anti-silencing factor, named Bromodomain and ATPase domain-containing protein 1 (BRAT1). This protein is involved in DNA demethylation through a valuable association between histone acetylation and transcriptional anti-silencing at methylated genomic loci. This involvement can be conserved in eukaryotes. Although protein acts as an anti-silencing factor, there is no previous study identifies its contribution in gene regulation under unfavorable conditions. This study was analyzed several molecular patterns of the respective gene including protein-protein interactions, Nuclear Localization Signals (NLS), Cis regulatory elements (CREs) and intron-mediated enhancement (IMEter) using recent bioinformatic data bases. Results showed protein-protein interactions between the respective gene product and other proteins are involved against abiotic stresses, the protein of this gene is localized in nucleus. Results were also observed several CREs of non-coding regions representing their roles as stresses-responsive factors, according to IMEter analysis, this response is expected to valuably present in Intron 1, suggesting experimental studies on mutant lines that contain insertions in their non-coding regions specifically intron 1of the underlying gene.