%0 Journal Article %T Effect of casein hydrolysate and paclobutrazol on embryogenesis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Nersy by in vitro culture %J Journal of Garmian University %I زانکۆی گەرمیان %Z 23100087 %A Ibrahim, Majid A %A Al-Taha, Huda %A AL-ALI, Zyad Tariq %D 2017 %\ 07/01/2017 %V 4 %N ICBS Conference %P 395-404 %! Effect of casein hydrolysate and paclobutrazol on embryogenesis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Nersy by in vitro culture %K casein hydrolysate %K embryogenesis %K Germination %K In vitro %K organogenesis %K paclobutrazol %K Phoenix dactylifera %R 10.24271/garmian.150 %X Results showed that fresh and dry weight of primary and embryogenic callusincreased significant with increasing of casein or paclobutrazol after 16 weeks fromculture. The treatments of 1000 mg.L-1 casein hydrolysate and 0.5 mg.L-1paclobutrazol showed fewer periods to embryo formation reached 21.00 and 17.00days, respectively. However, the control observed the longest period to somaticembryo formation which reached 61.00 days. The treatments of 1000 mg.L-1casein hydrolysate and 1.0 mg.L-1 paclobutrazol showed the highest values 6.50 and 1.60cm length, 0.87 and 0.80 cm diameter, 0.336 and 0.361 gm fresh weight and, 0.022and 0.033 gm dry weight of embryo’s characteristics, respectively. In addition, twotreatments of paclobutrazol (0.5 and 0.7 mg.L-1 ) showed high average number ofembryos (16.33 and 16.67 embryos, respectively). In contrast, the recorded datafrom the control treatment gave demonstrated fewer values (4.33 embryos, 0.80 cmlength, 0.13 cm diameter, 0.035 gm fresh weight and 0.005 gm dry weight) ofcharacteristics of embryos. When the culture medium contained casein hydrolysateat 1000 mg.L-1 observed the highest percentage of germination (76%) and lessperiod of embryo germination (15.30) days in comparison with other treatments. Moreover, the culture medium with low concentration of paclobutrazol (0.3 mg.L-1 ), showed the highest percentage of germination (75.67%) in comparison withother treatments of paclobutrazol. However, the same concentration ofpaclobutrazol obtained the lowest period of embryo germination (14.0 days) incomparison with the other treatments. The results also showed that the callus whencultured on MS medium supplemented with 800 or 1000 mg.L-1 casein hydrolysate demonstrated indirect adventitious shoots. %U https://jgu.garmian.edu.krd/article_65675_62c64868a9474e5c348450931a082336.pdf