جۆری توێژینه‌وه‌ : Original Article

نوسه‌ر

University of Garmian _ College of Education English Department

پوخته‌

     Paulo Coelho (1947- ) and his writing has been under the spotlight since he first started writing in his teenage years after a revolutionary step he took against his parents. The Brazilian writer has many best-selling novels like, The Al Chemist (1988), Brida (1990), and many others. The Winner Stands Alone (2008), is another great novel by Coelho, nevertheless; it didn't take its deserved attention, which therefor will be the efforts of this research to shed light more on this amazing novel.
     Through explaining and taking out the techniques of Post-Modernism from the novel, The article tries to prove that the writer utilizes postmodern techniques such as fragmentation, pastiche, Maximalism, and Technoculture in his writing, and this is shown via pointing out those four outstanding elements from the novel's text

وشه‌ بنچینه‌ییه‌كان

ناونیشانی توێژینه‌وه‌ [English]

Paulo Coelho's "The Winner Stands Alone.", A Postmodern Study

نوسه‌ر [English]

  • Bushra Sidi Abdullah

University of Garmian _ College of Education English Department

پوخته‌ [English]

     Paulo Coelho (1947- ) and his writing has been under the spotlight since he first started writing in his teenage years after a revolutionary step he took against his parents. The Brazilian writer has many best-selling novels like, The Al Chemist (1988), Brida (1990), and many others. The Winner Stands Alone (2008), is another great novel by Coelho, nevertheless; it didn't take its deserved attention, which therefor will be the efforts of this research to shed light more on this amazing novel.
     Through explaining and taking out the techniques of Post-Modernism from the novel, The article tries to prove that the writer utilizes postmodern techniques such as fragmentation, pastiche, Maximalism, and Technoculture in his writing, and this is shown via pointing out those four outstanding elements from the novel's text

وشه‌ بنچینه‌ییه‌كان [English]

  • Post-Modernism
  • Coelho
  • Fragmentation
  • Pastiche
  • Technoculture
  • Maximalism
1-      Bhutia, Thinley Kalsang. Cannes, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Jan 15, 2018, www.britannica.com/place/Cannes, retrieved on the 22nd of March, 2020.
2-      Coelho, Paulo. The Winner Stands Alone, Harper Collins Publisher, 2008. 
3-      Deshmukh, Vaishali R & Bhise , Alka . Defeat of the Winner in Paulo Coelho’s "The Winner Stands Alone" Vol 5, Issue 5, Quest Journals, WWW.questjournals.org , 2017. Retrieved on the 21 of March, 2020.
4-      Duignan, Brian. "Postmodernism Philosophy", Encyclopedia Britannica, Nd, //www.britannica.com/topic/postmodernism-philosophy. Retrieved on the 20th of March, 2020.
5-      Geyh, Paula "Assembling Postmodernism: Experience, Meaning, and the Space In-Between". College Literature 30:2. 2003.
6-      Heuser, Sabine. Postmodern Studies, Brill: Rodopi, 2003.
7-      Hoffmann, Gerhard. From Modernism to Postmodernism: Concepts and Strategies of Postmodern American Fiction: Postmodern Studies 38; Textxet Studies in Comparative Literature, Published by Brill, Netherlands, 2005.
8-      Karen, Heller. "Meet the writers who still sell millions of books. Actually, hundreds of millions", The Washington Post, December 20, 2016,  https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/meet-the-elite-group-of-authors-who-sell-100-million-books-or-350-million/2016/12/20/. Retrieved on the 16th of March, 2020.
9-      Lehmann, H.T. Postdramatic Theatre. Rutledge. 2005.
10-  Lestari, Puji.  Human Greed in Paulo Coelho's The Winner Stands Alone NOVEL (2008): A Sociological Perspective, University of Surakarta, 2019.
11-  Rodriguez, Emily. Flashback: Cinamatagropy and Literature, Encyclopedia Britannica, Mar 02, 2016. //www.britannica.com/art/flashback.
12-  See, Carolyn.  Book Review: 'The Winner Stands Alone' by Paulo Coelho April 10, 2009, The Washington Post, //www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/content/article/2009/04/09/AR2009040904069.html. Retrieved on the 19th of March, 2020.
13-  Soedjaro, Novinaty Gabriela. "Igor's Ideology of Being the Winner as Portrayed in The Winner Stands Alone: A discourse Analysis", Santa Daharma University, 2017, //repository.usd.ac.id/12105/2/156332001_full.pdf. Retrieved on the 21 of March, 2020.
14-  Wells, J C .Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Pearson Education Limited. 2008.
Internet Sources
1-      https://www.shopify.com/encyclopedia/entrepreneurship.Retrieved on the 20th of March, 2020.